Common faults and cause analysis of multi-stage centrifugal blower

1、 Mechanical vibration faults

Unbalanced rotor

Reason: Uneven quality distribution caused by dust accumulation on the impeller, blade corrosion or wear, and displacement of the balance block.

Performance: The vibration frequency is consistent with the rotational speed, and may be accompanied by shaft bending or local high temperature.

Abnormal bearings

Reason: Lubrication failure, excessive clearance or wear, resulting in bearing overheating or vibration.

Performance: The temperature of the bearing increases, the vibration amplitude increases, and may be accompanied by abnormal noise.

Poor alignment of the coupling

Reason: Installation deviation or foundation sinking, resulting in excessive axial/radial offset.

Performance: The vibration intensifies with the increase of load, and is relatively light when idling.

2、 Performance degradation fault

Insufficient air volume or abnormal pressure

Reason: Pipeline blockage, seal leakage, gas density change, or valve regulation failure.

Performance: The pressure gauge fluctuates greatly, the flow rate is unstable, and the efficiency decreases.

Surge phenomenon

Reason: The fan is operating in an unstable zone (such as valves being closed for too long or pipes being blocked).

Performance: Periodic backflow of airflow accompanied by severe vibration and noise.

3、 Component damage fault

Impeller wear or corrosion

Reason: Gas contains impurities, crystal erosion, or long-term corrosion.

Performance: Blade deformation, weld cracking, and increased vibration.

Sealing failure

Reason: Wear of sealing ring, different shafts of shaft sleeve or intrusion of debris.

Performance: Gas leakage, pressure drop, efficiency loss.

4、 Other faults

Motor malfunction: Wiring error, reverse rotation or insufficient speed, causing the fan to malfunction.

Loose foundation: Loose foundation bolts or insufficient rigidity of the machine base can cause overall vibration.

Suggestions for prioritizing fault handling

Emergency handling: Surge, bearing overheating, etc. require immediate shutdown and adjustment.

Regular maintenance: check the seal, clean the impeller, and calibrate the coupling alignment.

Preventive measures: Install vibration monitoring devices and conduct regular dynamic balance tests.

(Note: Specific fault diagnosis needs to be combined with on-site testing tools such as infrared thermometers, vibration analyzers, etc.)